Diacritics chungchang

Hmar ṭawng hi ka thiem nawh, ka dit tawk chun ka hmang thei, ka hril tum hai hi a awm tawk chu ka hril thei anachu indik thlap a ziek ding chun hril theilo chin ka nei. A ziek tieng tak lem hichu suong ding ka um der nawh. Umzie bo tawp kanih. Anachu grammar indik le indiklo ti thu ahin chu, a thiemnaw pawl lo ni lang khawm ngaidan ka nei. Hung hril katih.

Ṭawng fimkhur taluo khawm hi nghawk a um hin ka hrieta, therefore atak rama ka type dan angin hung type el kata, insum vela ziek dik tum khawm hi ka nghawk asanchu ṭawng thu hril ding ei na, abik takin grammar rules le diacritics chungchanga ka ngaidan hai. Inngaitlawm tehlem thaw vel khawm kha ka pei ta nawh, mihriem kana ngaidan ka neia, ka ngaidan ka hril. Ngaidan hril theilo khawp boruok a cheng kha a harsa.

Hang ṭan ṭhuoi inla, ei hawrawp hai hi ka ngaihlu bek nawh, harawp tak tak hi an tling in ka hriet nawh asanchu Latin, Roman script inṭawm pui ei ni leiin. Latin script hmang an tam French, German, English etc ei hang tia, anachu hieng hai hin kum sang chuong literary history nei anni tah eiin ang naw taluo. Chu el khelah eini siem annaw lei hin ka ngaisang hranpa naw anih. Hi thil thu hi ka hung hril na san chu harawp siem ding ti thupui ahin “siem eitiu” ti tieng ka ṭhang lem ka hung hril na anih.

Hawrap siem thu ka hung hril suok na san khawm hi ka hung hril zawm ding hai hi mi na khei ding zawng atam hi ka ring a, linguistic purity chungchang le inzawm ani lei hin. Personal attack an nawh, hming ka sam naw chun ti bik ka neinaw anga lo ngai kha tluong tak atih.

Ziek dan chungthu ah, ka ziek ahai hin ka thei chen achun “ṭ” hi ka hmang hlak, anachu phone ahin chu ka hmang pei der nawh. Asanchu keyboard ṭha a um naw a, prediction a um naw bawka. Hmar keyboard tia ei hang hmang khawm hin a hranpa a “ṭ” la va zawng kha a ṭul hlak a, chu nek chun hmangnaw ka thlang lem anih. Kei a ang hi iengzam ei um ding chu, ei tlawmsie ka ring nawh.

A umzie chu “Hmar Keyboard Layout” hi ei pawimaw anih. Anachu a chunga diacritics le grammar ti thupui ahin la hang cham met inla. Unigrams dataset ka siemna a ka hrietsuok chu “grammar indiklo” eiti pa hi atam lem a, grammar indik ti ding thumal hai kha frequency tlawm tienga an um vawng a. Hmar ṭawng hmang a tam lem hi ei grammar hmang hi andik naw anih, ti chu data ahin chieng takin an lang a. Thil mak lem chu ani nawh. Ṭawng dang ahai khawm chu tho chu anih. Anachu “andik cho hmang ding, andik cho hmang tlak” ti lungril hi andik nawh, ka hung kawk na lem anih.

Chu ang chie chun “ṭ” khawm hi a hmanglo hi ei tam lem si chun khau taluo khawm hi andik naw asanchu hmang ngei ngei ding tiin, dan ei siem thei si nawh. Dan bawsie hai iengtinam ei hrem ding? Hremna umlo dan hlak chu leh umzie bo tawp anisi. “I message mi hung thawnah ‘ṭ’ i hmang naw leiin ka biek ta naw ding che” hang ti chu andik thei si nawh.

Hmar Keyboard Layout ti thupui ah hang lut nawk ta inla, a layout siem hichu a harsa taluo khawma ka ring nawh anachu layout hi lo nei ta inla khawm, locale support umlo chun atak ram ala tlung tak tak chuong naw a. Hmar keyboard app hai khawma hi layout hi anlo hmang tlang vawng chu ṭul ata, chu khawm chu suk puitling harsa atih.

Hang hril fel inla “Locale support a um nawh” ti chu, Hmar hi English, French, Assamese, Bengali etc hai ang deua hi phone, computer, software, internet le technology dang ahai ei ṭawng a um ve naw hrilna anih.

Iengtinam a um ve ding? Ngaituo khawp anih, hi ding hin mihriem hi ei tlawm a, tlawm takzet hi eina. Company pui ha’n Hmar ṭawng support an hung bel na dingin, ahranpa a budget ansiem hi thil awi-umlo tak ni hin ka hrieta. Company pakhat in budget lo siem sienkhawm a dang in Hmar ṭawng support na ding plan aneinaw chun ala kim thei chuong naw a. Chuong lai zing chun ei inhnamhnawina ṭhangloa anlo thaw anichun a ṭha tak dim? ti khawm hi ngaituo khawp thupui anih.

Google in lo support ṭan sienkhawm, Microsoft, AOSP, Apple ti han an support naw chun umzie umlo anichu.

Iem ei thaw thei? Ei thaw thei um suna ka hriet chu, eini nak nak hin a thei chen ah custom locale translation string hai hi open-source-data in lo siem inla, chuong chun company pui hai ta ding hin support belsa kha a awlsam ding anih. Hi thil hi foundation hin a tum ve anih. Thaw ro, va ti theinaw inla khawm, a thei chen ah hnam pui pakhat chun eiva sawk hi a ṭul anih. “Ui lam hraw ah bei i sie pek chun fa awm tak” ti beiseina ang tluk lem chu anih.

Lai hi hang hril fel nawk inla, “Custom locale translation string” ti chu software a thumal hai hi Hmar ṭawng a inlet tina anih. Entirnan “Menu” ti hi iengtinam in let ding? Menu tia sie tawp el ding am “Minu” tia ziek ding? “Settings” ti hi “Siemremna” ti inla andik thei ding? “Bluetooth” ti hi iengtinam eiin let ta ding? Inlet kher kher aṭul am? ti hai hril tlang a ei van let kha anih.

Hi thil hi ka thei chen ah kalo thaw ve ta a, experiment maw. UI Shock ti hi alo um ve ti ka hriet suoka. Linux ah Gnome Desktop hi Hmar ṭawng in kalo inlet a, ka hmang sawt thei der nawh. Kum tam sap ṭawng a eilo hmang phone le computer hai, Hmar ṭawng a ei hmu thut kha, a thumal umzie hai kha lo hrie inla khawm eiin hmang rawp thei anih.

Chu lei chun ka ngaidan a ding chun lo inlet ve inla khawm, Confirmation, pop up, dialogs ti vel a chau hin la hmang phawt inla ti chu ka ngaidan anih. Entirnan, delete chu delete lo ni zing sien khawm “Are you sure you want to delete this item?” ti confirmation hung inlang kha Hmar nisien, “Hi thil hi i delete nuom i chieng chie?” ti kha, mit a hadam lem hin ka hrieta. UI shock a um naw tak in ka hriet.

Hi thu chungchang hichu post dang ah hung hril zawm lem lang annaw chun asei taluo ding, diacritics chungchang a tawk fuk leia ei hung zap sa chu anel. Ka ngaituona kan len na chen hai maw?

Ka hril tak chu “ṭ” ti hi aremchang tak naw anih, ka hmang ve hlak achu dehawn hi pawi kati bek nawh. Asan tam tak a um. la hung hril pei katih.

Diacritic dang “ansangpa-anhnuoipa” lem hichu ka hmang der nawh, “ṭ” hi alphabet a um ani leiin ka hmang ṭawk-ṭawk a. Anachu umlo hichu hlutna an neiin ka hriet nawh, grammar inchuk nuom hai ta ding khawma a dangtu anni lem - chu chu asan pakhat.

Sap ṭawng ei ena, iemata “i live in the hills” ti le “the event is live” ti ahin “live” hi diacritic ṭullo in a lam dik dan ei hriet theia? Sap ṭawng achun a kawlhnai a thumal um hai izir in lam rik dan ding ei hriet theia anachu ei ṭawng ah anthei naw maw? i lam dik theinaw chun ṭawng ila hriet hnesaw naw tina ani lem naw ding mani?

Entirna dang ah, “Hmar ṭawng hi aziek dik a harsa” ti le “Hmar tawng hi ziek dik a harsa” ti ah, i tiemsuol ṭawk ṭawk chun ilo inngai angin, ṭawng hi ilo thiemnaw anih ti inla andik lem naw ding mani? Ka ngaidan a ding chun, “Hmar trawng” ti inla khawm andik naw na aum hin ka hriet nawh. Alternate spelling anel. Alternate spelling tia ei pawm el hin ṭawng in a hausak pui ding am a rethei pui ding? gray le grey, color le colour, between le betwixt, enquire le inquire, among le amongst, while le whilst, atam taluo.

Hi thu ka hung khel na san hi literary standard thleng tum leia hung ziek kan naw a, chu ding chun kei te mawl hin hlutna ka neinaw a, ka hrietna hi ti khawp a um nawh. Literary standard nei hi thil ṭullo anih katina khawm ani nawh. Ka hung hril na san chun grammar chung chang a inhrawl taluo hin ṭawng hmasawwna ding a dal ti lem chu anih.

Technology a lem chu diacritic hai hin hlutna annei naw ti inla ka ṭawng suol taluo hin kan ring nawh. Chu nek ta hman in diacritic hai kuihin buoina a suk pung ti inla indik lem atih.

Entirna pakhat hung hril lang, “ṭhangthar” ti hi aziek dik dan chu ana.

Anachu database ahin andik dan ang char in thumal hi lo sie inla, “ṭhangthar” ti lo chu andiknaw eiti tlat nawk si chun, pakhat nau in “thangthar” annawleh “thrangthar” tiin lo type ta sien database anthawk result hmu ding a um naw el ding. An type indik naw le andok el chuteh ti hlak chu boruok i siem thei naw le inthuok ta naw rawh ti ang ani si.

A ziekdan dang hai hi kati ang chun “alternate spelling” anga ei ngai el naw chun a thaw dan a um nawh. Pakhat nau in “ṭhnagthar” tiin a hung zieka, a zieksuol anihite eiti anga kha ei pawm ve el a ṭul anih. Ziekdik kawngkar a khau taluo hi ṭawng ei neina san ei theinghil pha na mei mei anih.

Ṭawng hi inbiekpaw na hmangruo ana, ani ang chun eiin biek paw thei chun a huntawk. Sap ṭawng chun “Grammar is optional, secondary to semantics”.

AI a khawm grammar indik cho nekin indik naw cho data hmang hin ra ṭha asuok lem anih. Asanchu grammar indik thlap hi artificial ani leiin, nitina eiin biekna message ahai le blog mani, social media ah inhmawsarum a ei post amani haia hin a hranpa in grammar ei sukdik kher kher ngai naw leiin. Industry a lem chun grammar indik thlap hai hi an suk diknaw fom lem hlak anih, chu khawp chu anih. A umzie chu grammar indiklo khawma hlutna anei ti chu anih.

Ei ṭawng hi a hmasawn ei nuom chun hieng chungchang ahai khom hin ei ngaituona hai ei inlen ve a ṭul in ka hrieta, Whatsapp a ṭawng hmang dan ding chungchang a insel vela, mi grammar soisel vel kha ei thaw sawt tho ta leiin chawlsan met inla practical tieng pan ta inla a pawi ding mani maw?